Bibliography 1945-2025

This is a list of books about electronic literature and related topics published between 1945 and 2025. All linked titles open a page in the Electronic Literature Knowledge Base, and where applicable, I have included a link to download the book in PDF or EPUB format.

1945

• Vannevar Bush: As We May Think (article) (PDF)

1948

• Norbert Wiener: Cybernetics or Control and Communication in the Animal and the Machine (PDF)

1950

• Alan Turing: Computing Machinery and Intelligence (essay) (PDF)

1953

• Roland Barthes: Le degré zéro de l'écriture

1954

• Christopher Strachey: The "Thinking" Machine (essay published in Encounter, October 1954, pp. 25-31)

1962

• Umberto Eco: Opera aperta (PDF)

• Sergio Morando: Almanacco Letterario Bompiani 1962. Le applicazioni dei calcolatori elettronici alle scienze morali e alla letteratura (PDF)

1964

• Marshall McLuhan: Understanding Media: The Extensions of Man (PDF)

1966

• Gérard Genette: Figures I

1968

• Jasia Reichardt: Cybernetic Serendipity. The Computer and the Arts

1969

• Gérard Genette: Figures II

1970

• Roland Barthes: S/Z (PDF)

1972

• Gérard Genette: Figures III

• Marshall McLuhan: The Gutenberg Galaxy: The Making of Typographic Man (PDF)

1973

• Roland Barthes: Le plaisir du texte (PDF)

1974

• Theodor Holm "Ted" Nelson: Computer Lib: You Can and Must Understand Computers Now / Dream Machines: New Freedoms through Computer Screens—A Minority Report (PDF)

1977

• Pedro Barbosa: A Literatura Cibernética 1: Autopoemas Gerados por Computador

1979

• Umberto Eco: Lector in fabula. La cooperazione interpretativa nei testi narrative (PDF)

1980

• Pedro Barbosa: A Literatura Cibernética 2: Um Sintetizador de Narrativas

• Italo Calvino: Una pietra sopra. Discorsi di letteratura e società

1981

• Theodor Holm "Ted" Nelson: Literary Machines: The report on, and of, Project Xanadu concerning word processing, electronic publishing, hypertext, thinkertoys, tomorrow's intellectual revolution, and certain other topics including knowledge, education and freedom (PDF)

1982

• Gérard Genette: Palimpsestes: La littérature au second degré (PDF)

1987

• Gérard Genette: Seuils

1988

• Italo Calvino: Lezioni americane. Sei proposte per il prossimo millennio (PDF)

1990

• Alain Vuillemin: Informatique et littérature, 1950-1990

1991

• Paul Delany & George P. Landow: Hypermedia & Literary Studies

• Gérard Genette: Fiction et diction

1992

• George P. Landow: Hypertext: Convergence of Contemporary Critical Theory and Technology

1993

• George P. Landow & Paul Delany: The Digital Word: Text-Based Computing in the Humanities”

1994

• George P. Landow: Hyper/Text/Theory

• Johanna Drucker: The Visible Word: Experimental Typography and Modern Art, 1909-1923 (PDF)

1995

• Diane Greco: Cyborg: Engineering the Body Electric

• Johanna Drucker: The Alphabetic Labyrinth: The Letters in History and Imagination (PDF)

1996

• Joseph Tabbi: Postmodern Sublime: Technology and American Writing from Mailer to Cyberpunk

1997

• Espen Aarseth: Cybertext: Perspectives on Ergodic Literature (PDF)

• George P. Landow: Hypertext 2.0: The Convergence of Contemporary Critical Theory and Technology

• Joseph Tabbi: Reading Matters: Narrative in the New Media Ecology

• Bruce Andrews & Charles Bernstein: The L=A=N=G=U=A=G=E Book

1998

• Johanna Drucker: Figuring the Word: Essays on Books, Writing, and Visual Poetics

1999

• Jay David Bolter & Richard A. Grusin: Remediation: Understanding New Media

• N. Katherine Hayles: How We Became Posthuman: Virtual Bodies in Cybernetics, Literature, and Informatics (PDF)

• Gérard Genette: Figures IV

• Marie-Laure Ryan: Cyberspace, Virtuality and the Text

2000

• Michael Joyce: Othermindedness: The Emergence of Network Culture

• Jane Yellowlees Douglas: The End of Books or Books without End?

• Beat Suter: Hyperfiktion und interaktive Narration: Im frühen Entwicklungsstadium zu einem Genre

2001

• Lev Manovich: The Language of New Media (PDF)

• Loss Pequeño Glazier: Digital Poetics: The Making of E-poetries

2002

• N. Katherine Hayles: Writing Machines (PDF)

• Roberto Simanowski: Interfictions. Vom Schreiben im Netz

• Caterina Davinio: Tecno-Poesia e realtà

• Gérard Genette: Figures V

2003

• Judy Malloy: Women, Art, and Technology

• Domenico Fiormonte: Scrittura e filologia nell'era digitale

• Christiane Heibach: Literatur im elektronischen Raum

• Marie-Laure Ryan: Narrative as Virtual Reality: Immersion and Interactivity in Literature and Electronic Media

2004

• Domingo Sánchez Mesa: Literatura y cibercultura

• María José Vega Ramos: Literatura hipertextual y teoría literaria

• Susana Pajares Tosca: Literatura Digital: el paradigma hypertextual

• Friedrich W. Block: p0es1s. Rückblick auf die digitale Poesie

• Marie-Laure Ryan: Narrative Across Media: The Languages of Storytelling

2005

• N. Katherine Hayles: My Mother was a Computer – Digital Subjects and Literary Texts

• Laura Borràs Castanyer: Textualidades electrónicas

• Domenico Chiappe: Hipermedismo, narrativa para la virtualidad

• Nick Montfort: Twisty Little Passages: An Approach to Interactive Fiction

• Florian Cramer: Words Made Flesh: Code, Culture, Imagination (PDF)

2006

• George P. Landow: Hypertext 3.0: Critical Theory and New Media in an Era of Globalization

• Belén Gache: Escrituras Nómades, del libro perdido al hipertexto

• Florian Cramer: Exe.cut(up)able statements: Poetische Kalküle und Phantasmen des selbstausführenden Texts (PDF)

2007

• Eduardo Kac: Media Poetry – An International Anthology

• Peter Gendolla & Jörgen Schäfer: The Aesthetics of Net Literature. Writing, Reading and Playing in Programmable Media

• Christopher Funkhouser: Prehistoric Digital Poetry. An Archaeology of Forms, 1959–1995 (PDF)

• Amelia Sanz & Dolores Romero López: Literatures in the Digital Age: Theory and Praxis

• Umberto Eco: Dall'albero al labirinto: studi storici sul segno e l'interpretazione (PDF)

2008

• Arturo Mazzarella: La grande rete della scrittura. La letteratura dopo la rivoluzione digitale

• Simon Egenfeldt-Nielsen & Jonas Heide Smith & Susana Pajares Tosca: Understanding Video Games: the Essential Introduction

• Dolores Romero López & Amelia Sanz: Literaturas del texto al hipermedia

• N. Katherine Hayles: Electronic Literature: New Horizons for the Literary (PDF)

• Matthew Kirschenbaum: Mechanisms (EPUB)

• David Ciccoricco: Reading Network Fiction

2009

• Mark Bernstein & Diane Greco: Reading Hypertext

• Johanna Drucker: SpecLab: Digital Aesthetics and Speculative Computing (PDF)

• Serge Bouchardon: Littérature numérique: Le récit interactif

• Paola Castellucci: Dall'ipertesto al Web. Storia culturale dell'informatica

• Rosa M. Di Natale: Potere di link. Scritture e letture dalla carta ai nuovi media

• Paolo Granata: Arte, estetica e nuovi media. «Sei lezioni» sul mondo digitale (PDF)

2010

• Alice Bell: The Possible Worlds of Hypertext Fiction

• Jörgen Schäfer & Peter Gendolla: Beyond the Screen. Transformations of Literary Structures, Interfaces and Genres

• Roberto Simanowski & Jörgen Schäfer & Peter Gendolla: Reading Moving Letters. Digital Literature in Research and Teaching

• Philippe Bootz & Sandy Baldwin: Regards Croisés: Perspectives on Digital Literature

2011

• Christophe Thompson Funkhouser: Prehistoric Digital Poetry: An Archaeology of Forms, 1959-1995

• Giovanna Di Rosario & Lello Masucci: OLE Officina di Letteratura Elettronica - Lavori del Convegno

• Roberto Simanowski: Digital Art and Meaning: Reading Kinetic Poetry, Text Machines, Mapping Art, and Interactive Installations

2012

• Christophe Thompson Funkhouser: New Directions in Digital Poetry

• Markku Eskelinen: Cybertext Poetics: The Critical Landscape of New Media Literary Theory

• N. Katherine Hayles: How We Think: Digital Media and Contemporary Technogenesis

• Serge Bouchardon: La valeur heuristique de la littérature numérique

• María Goicoechea et alia: Filología y tecnología: Introducción a la escritura, la informática, la información

• María Goicoechea et alia: Tras la Red

• Alessandro Ludovico: Post-digital Print: The Mutation of Publishing Since 1894 (PDF)

• Nick Montfort, Patsy Baudoin, John Bell, Ian Bogost, Jeremy Douglass, Mark C. Marino, Michael Mateas, Casey Reas, Mark Sample, Noah Vawter: 10 PRINT CHR$(205.5+RND(1)); : GOTO 10 (PDF)

2013

• Lev Manovich: Software Takes Command (PDF)

• N. Katherine Hayles & Jessica Pressman: Comparative Textual Media: Transforming the Humanities in the Postprint Era

• Manuel Portela: Scripting Reading Motions – The Codex and the Computer as Self–Reflexive Machines

• María Goicoechea & Pilar García Carcedo: Alicia a través de la pantalla. Lecturas literarias en el siglo XXI

• Florian Cramer: Anti-Media: Ephemera on Speculative Arts

2014

• Jessica Pressman: Digital Modernism: Making It New In New Media

• Rui Torres & Sandy Baldwin: PO.EX: Essays from Portugal on Cyberliterature and Intermedia

• Johanna Drucker: Graphesis: The Visual Production of Knowledge in a Digital Era (PDF)

• Lori Emerson: Reading Writing Interfaces. From the Digital to the Bookbound: From the Digital to the Bookbound (PDF)

• Alice Bell & Astrid Ensslin & Hans Rustad: Analyzing Digital Fiction

• Astrid Ensslin: Literary Gaming

2015

• Sandy Baldwin: The Internet Unconscious: On the Subject of Electronic Literature

• Hartmut Koenitz & Gabriele Ferri & Mads Haahr & Diğdem Sezen & Tonguç İbrahim Sezen: Interactive Digital Narrative. History, Theory and Practice

• Paolo Granata: Ecologia dei media. Protagonisti, scuole, concetti chiave Protagonisti, scuole, concetti chiave

• Marie-Laure Ryan: Narrative as Virtual Reality 2: Revisiting Immersion and Interactivity in Literature and Electronic Media

• Domenico Fiormonte & Teresa Numerico & Francesca Tomasi: L’umanista digitale (PDF)

2016

• Roberto Simanowski: Digital Humanities and Digital Media. Conversations on Politics, Culture, Aesthetics, and Literacy. (PDF)

2017

• Stuart Moulthrop & Dene Grigar: Traversals: The Use of Preservation for Early Electronic Writing

• María Mencía: #WomenTechLit

• Dennis Yi Tenen: Plain Text. The Poetics of Computation (PDF)

2018

• Amaranth Borsuk: The Book

• Joseph Tabbi: The Bloomsbury Handbook of Electronic Literature

• Scott Rettberg: Electronic Literature

• Irena Barbara Kalla & Patrycja Poniatowska & Dorota Michułka: On the Fringes of Literature and Digital Media Culture: Perspectives from Eastern and Western Europe

2019

• James O'Sullivan: Towards a Digital Poetics: Electronic Literature & Literary Games

• Katrin Lange & Nora Zapf: Screenshots: Literatur im Netz Paperback

2020

• Jessica Pressman: Bookishness – Loving Books in a Digital Age

• Sophie Marcotte & Bertrand Gervais: Attention à la marche! Mind the Gap!

2021

• Astrid Ensslin & Alice Bell: Digital Fiction and the Unnatural: Transmedial Narrative Theory, Method, and Analysis

• Dene Grigar & James O’Sullivan: Electronic Literature as Digital Humanities: Contexts, Forms, and Practices

• N. Katherine Hayles: Postprint – Books and Becoming Computational (PDF)

• Paolo Granata: Introduction to Media Ecology: Thinkers, schools of thought, key concepts

• Roberta Iadevaia: Per una storia della letteratura elettronica italiana

2022

• Astrid Ensslin: Pre-web Digital Publishing and the Lore of Electronic Literature

• Steve Tomasula et alia: Conceptualisms: The Anthology of Prose, Poetry, Visual, Found, E- & Hybrid Writing as Contemporary Art

• Manuel Portela: Literary Simulation and the Digital Humanities: Reading, Editing, Writing

• Hannes Bajohr: Schreibenlassen: Texte zur Literatur im Digitalen

2023

• Margaret Kelleher & James O’Sullivan: Technology in Irish Literature and Culture

• Paolo Granata: Six Memos for a Hyperconnected World: The Lasting Legacy of Italo Calvino

2024

• Dene Grigar: The Challenges of Born-Digital Fiction: Editions, Translations, and Emulations

• Lillian-Yvonne Bertram & Nick Montfort: Output: An Anthology of Computer-Generated Text, 1953-2023

• Alessandro Ludovico: Tactical Publishing: Using Senses, Software, and Archives in the Twenty-First Century (PDF)

• Matteo Bittanti: Videoarte ludica. Videogioco, cinema, machinima (PDF)

• María Isabel Morales Sánchez & Paulo Costa & Ângela Balça: Literatura y prácticas digitales. Una mirada interdisciplinar alrededor de la formación literaria

2025

• M. Beatrice Fazi, Alexander R.Galloway, Matthew Handelman, Leif Weatherby: Digital Theory. In Search of Media